Wednesday, February 11, 2009

comparison between modus tollens, modus ponens, and syllogisms

A Syllogism is when there are three statements and two terms in each statement. The first statement (major premise) is more general, the second statement (minor premise) is more specific, and the conclusion states the result.  
For example:
major premise: All swimmers have abs 
minor premise: Tricia is a swimmer
Conclusion: Tricia has abs
A Modus Ponen has three statements and two terms, but the statements are all positive. It also follows the rule "if 'p' then 'q', 
p,
 therefore, q
For example:
If Whitney baked cupcakes, i will go to her house
Whitney baked cupcakes
Therefore, I will go to her house
A Modus Tollen has three statements and two terms, but it has negative sentences. It follows the rule: if premise 'p' is true, then premise 'q' is also true
premise 'q' is false
Therefore premise 'p' must be false
For example:
If Krista swims in the meet, she will win
Krista didn't win
Therefore, Krista did not swim in the meet

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